z-notes

OSPF协议多区域配置

项目要求：

中小企业网络规模不大，路由设备数量有限，可以考虑将所有设备都放在同一个OSPF区域。大型企业网络规模大，路由器设备数量很多，网络层次分明，建议采用OSPF多区域的方式部署。

1.OSPF协议单区域配置
2.OSPF协议多区域配置
3.查看OSPF协议的3张表
4.在区域边界路由器上进行路由汇总

1.前期环境准备

AR1

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-console0]aaa    
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao password cipher 123456
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit

[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 40.0.0.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/0
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ip address 40.0.1.1 24
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]quit

[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/1
[Huawei-Serial2/0/1]ip address 40.0.2.1 24

[Huawei-Serial2/0/1]return
<Huawei>save

AR2

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-console0]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao password cipher 123456
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 1/0/0
[Huawei-Serial1/0/0]ip address 40.0.1.2 24
[Huawei-Serial1/0/0]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 1/0/1
[Huawei-Serial1/0/1]ip address 40.1.0.1 24
[Huawei-Serial1/0/1]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/0
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ip address 40.1.1.1 24
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]display ip interface brief
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]return
<Huawei>save

AR4

<Huawei>SYS
[Huawei]user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-console0]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao password cipher 123456
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/0
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ip address 40.1.0.2 24
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]quit
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 40.1.2.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]return
<Huawei>save

AR5

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-console0]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao password cipher 123456
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/0
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ip address 40.1.1.2 24
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]quit
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 40.1.3.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]return
<Huawei>save

AR3

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-console0]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao password cipher 123456
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 1/0/0
[Huawei-Serial1/0/0]ip address 40.0.2.2 24
[Huawei-Serial1/0/0]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 1/0/1
[Huawei-Serial1/0/1]ip address 40.2.0.1 24
[Huawei-Serial1/0/1]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/0
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ip address 40.2.1.1 24
    
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]return
<Huawei>save

AR6

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-console0]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao password cipher 123456
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhoa privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/0
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ip address 40.2.0.2 24
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]quit
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 40.2.2.2 24

AR7

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0]authentication-mode aaa
[Huawei-ui-console0]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao password cipher 123456
[Huawei-aaa]local-user zhao privilege level 3
[Huawei-aaa]quit
[Huawei]interface Serial 2/0/0
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ip address 40.2.1.2 24
[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]quit
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 40.2.3.2 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]return
<Huawei>save

2.配置OSPF

AR1

[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.0.0.0 0.0.255.255
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit

AR2

[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.2
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.0
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.1.0.0 0.0.255.255
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]netwo    
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 40.1.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR4

[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.4
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 1
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 40.1.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR5

[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.5
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 1
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 40.1.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR3

[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.3
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.0.0.0 0.0.255.255
[Huawei-ospf-2]area 2
[Huawei-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.2]network 40.2.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR6

[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.6
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 2
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 40.2.0.0 0.0.255.255

AR7

[Huawei]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.7
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 2
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 40.2.0.0 0.0.255.255

检查一下是否又设置成功

display ospf peer
display ospf brief
display ospf lsdb
display ospf lsdb router
display ip routing table

输错区域可采用

[Huawei-Serial2/0/0]ospf enable 1 area 2  #改成2号区域

3.多区域汇总

3.1.汇总后可以指定开销

AR3

[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 40.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 cost 10

这个是由两个接口加起来的，10+48=58（AR1到AR340.2.0.0/16）

查看某个接口的开销

[Huawei]display ospf interface Serial 2/0/1

3.2.DOWN掉AR7的其中一个接口（2/0/0），对于汇总之后没改变。

抓包实验，忽略

3.3.计算默认开销值

AR3

[Huawei]ospf 1
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 0
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 40.0.0.0 255.255.0.0

AR2

[Huawei]ospf 1
[Huawei-ospf-1]area 0
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 40.0.0.0 255.255.0.0
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 1
[Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 40.1.0.0 255.255.0.0

[Huawei]display ospf interface Serial 2/0/0

AR1到AR6的开销为144-48=96

（4）显示汇总路由的开销

[Huawei]display ospf routing 

3.4.思考题

在R1上汇总，输入如下命令
[R1-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.0.0.0 0.255.255.2552
在R2上配置OSPF，输入以下命令是否可以?
[R2-ospf-1]area 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.0.0.0 0.255.255.255

#不可以，应为R2上既有40.0.0.0的网段，也有40.1.0.0的网段，如果写成0.255.255.255就会把所有都组合起来